Alperovich L.S., Fedorov E.N. Hydromagnetic Waves in the Magnetosphere and the Ionosphere

Springer, 2007. – 445 p.
This book is concerned with Ultra-Low-Frequency (ULF)-electromagnetic waves observed on the Earth and in Space. These are so-called geomagnetic variations or pulsations. Alfven’s discovery related to the influence of the strong magnetic field on the conducting fluids (magnetohydrodynamics) led to development of the concept that the ULF-waves are magnetospheric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)-waves. MHD-waves at their propagation gather information about the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and the ground. There are two applied aspects based on using the ULF electromagnetic oscillations. The first one is the ground-based diagnostics of the magnetosphere. This is an attempt to monitor in the real time the magnetosphere size, distance to the last closed field-lines, distribution of the cold plasma, etc. The second one is the deep electromagnetic sounding of the Earth. The basis for these studies is the capability of any electromagnetic wave to penetrate a conductor to a finite depth. The ULF-waves can reach the depth of a few hundred kilometers.Partially Ionized Plasma.
Electrodynamic Properties of Space.
ULF-Waves on the Ground and in Space.
Magnetohydrodynamic Waves.
Hydromagnetic Resonators.
FLR in Plasma Configurations.
MHD-Waves in Layered Media.
Propagation of MHD-Beams.
Inhomogeneous Ionosphere.
Effective Conductivity of a Cloudy Ionosphere.
ULF-Sounding of Magnetosphere and Earth.
MHD-Wave Exposure on the Ionosphere.
MHD-Wave Generation by HF-Heating.
Active Cloud Releases and MHD-Emission.
MHD After-Effects of a Sound Impact.List of Notations.