Martinez D.R., Kifle B.M. Artificial Intelligence: A Systems Approach from Architecture Principles to Deployment

London, England: The MIT Press, 2024. — 577 p. — (Lincoln Laboratory Series). — ISBN 9780262378703.Искусственный интеллект: системный подход от принципов архитектуры до развертывания
The first text to take a systems engineering approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI), from architecture principles to the development and deployment of AI capabilities.Most books on Artificial Intelligence (AI) focus on a single functional building block, such as Machine Learning or human-machine teaming. Artificial Intelligence takes a more holistic approach, addressing AI from the view of systems engineering. The book centers on the people-process-technology triad that is critical to successful development of AI products and services. Development starts with an AI design, based on the AI system architecture, and culminates with successful deployment of the AI capabilities. Directed toward AI developers and operational users, this accessibly written volume of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Series can also serve as a text for undergraduate seniors and graduate-level students and as a reference book.ML—­one of ­today’s most rapidly growing technical fields—is a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) focused on employing data and algorithms to extract knowledge and insights without explicit instructions. At its core, ML is all about designing algorithms and models that can learn from data without being explic­itly programmed. It is used to recognize patterns, make classifications or predictions, and even learn to perform tasks once thought to be exclusive to ­human intelligence, such as language and image understanding and generation. These outputs ultimately enable human-­machine teams to derive insights used for decision-­making in domains such as healthcare, law enforcement, manufacturing, education, and financial ­services. Over the past ­decade, advances in the field of deep learning—­a technique that uses artificial neural networks (ANNs) to learn from large volumes of data by mimicking the way that the ­human brain functions—­have most notably led to breakthroughs in computer vision, speech recognition, and natural-­language pro­cessing (NLP).We begin by exploring the three broad classes of ML—­unsupervised learning, supervised learning, and reinforcement learning. We review each of ­these in more detail, highlighting the motivations for each approach and potential use cases. ­After introducing ­these three classes of ML, we discuss a set of common ­measures of performance for evaluating ML models, such as precision, recall, and area ­under the curve (AUC). With a foundation of classical ML techniques and ML evaluation metrics, we discuss Deep Learning, which has been the primary technique used in the past ­decade for achieving unpre­ce­dented results.Key features
In-depth look at modern computing technologies
Systems engineering description and means to successfully undertake an AI product or service development through deployment
Existing methods for applying machine learning operations (MLOps)
AI system architecture including a description of each of the AI pipeline building blocks
Challenges and approaches to attend to responsible AI in practicePreface
Overview
PART I AI SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Fundamentals of Systems Engineering
Data Conditioning
Machine Learning
Modern Computing
Human-Machine Teaming
Robust AI Systems
Responsible Artificial Intelligence
PART II STRATEGIC PRINCIPLES
AI Strategy and Road Map
AI Deployment Guidelines
References 359
MLOps: Transitioning from Development to Deployment
Fostering an Innovative Team Environment
Communicating Effectively
PART III HUMAN-MACHINE AUGMENTATION: USE CASES
Use-Case Example 1: Misty Companion Robot as Alzheimer’s Application
Use-Case Example 2: Bose AI-Powered Cycling Coach and Warning System
Use-Case Example 3: Meal Evaluation and Attainment Logistics System (MEALS)
Use-Case Example 4: Managing Energy for Smart Homes (MESH)
Use-Case Example 5: AquaAI, an AI-Powered Modernized Marine Maintenance System
Appendix